Chapter 5 outline

Recordings: Demanding Choices

I. Thomas Edison’s Talking Machine
A. The Phonograph made in 1877.
B. 1887 Berliner makes Gramophone 
II. Pete Goldmark Perfects Records
A. Goldmark makes LP (Long Playing Record)
III. William S. Paley Battles David Sarnoff For Record Format
A. 33 1/3 rpm 
B. 7 inch disc 45 rpm
C. later developed a switchable rpm’s 33 1/3, 45, 78 
IV. Hi-Fi And Stereo
A. Recording switches to tapes 3m (Amex corporation)
B. Stereo arrives in 1956
C. Multiplex (mono and stereo broadcasting for radio)
1. Makes it possible to listen to it however needed
2. 1960 mini tape players 
3. 1970 4 track and 8 track tapes
4. 1979. Walkmen personal stereos by sony 
D. Digital
1. Cd and cd players
2. Cd re-writables
E. Mp3 and mp3 players
1. ipods and what not
V. Recording Industry At Work
A. Artist and Repertoire 
1. Talent scouts 
B. Operations
1. Producers- manage operations of artist, arrangers and engineers
2. Marketing - oversees how to sell cd and what to put on them art-wise. find audience and promote.
C. Distribution
1. Gets recording into stores
D. Administration
1. Handles the legal and accounting aspect
a. Contracts and what not
VI. Concerts Bring In Revenue
VII. Four Major Recording Companies
A. EMI
B. Sony/BMG
C. Universal
D. Warners
VIII. Music Sells And Licensing Drive Industry Income
1. Direct sales
2. Ascap V.s BMI
a. Makes sure artists get the royalties they deserve
IX. Industry Struggles To Protect Content Labeling
A.PMRC
1. Wives of powerful politicians band together against " explicit music"
2. wanted warning labels on music.
3. some music got banned and sales decreases.
B. Overseas Piracy
C. File sharing
X. Recording Industry Associates Sues Downloaders
XI. U.S. Supreme Court Rules Against File Sharing
A. ex: MGM V.s Grokster
1. file sharing violates copy right laws
XII. Music Industry Wins, And Drops Legal Action
XIII. Changing Technology Transforms Delivery
A. music has to be available to audiences with the ever changing medium